During the 17 years of Derg’s rule against the Ethiopians, the Mengistu government he was responsible for many atrocities against his own people, ruling with violence, intimidation and mass murder. Instead of bringing progress to the country as he claimed to do when embracing communist ideology, he left it in a terrible economic condition that many will remember with repeated famine in the 1980s. And the fall of the Derg was a military campaign that resulted in the defeat of the Ethiopian People’s Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) coalition-run Derg military junta on 28 May 1991 in Addis Ababa.
Their first attack occurred in August 1975, and the organization continued to be supported by local farmers and the community as a whole. During the early period of formation, the group struggled with multi-directional competition as a replacement for the central government. In 1978, Derg began an official invasion of the Ogaden territory in Somalia, which claimed the territory as an integral part of Great Somalia. Derg dissolved in 1987 to establish a civil constitutional government with Mengistu as its head, but reform efforts were late. At that time, the Soviet bloc, struggling with its own internal problems, gradually withdrew its support to the foreign government. By depleting Soviet funds, the Mengistu government was no longer able to fight many guerrilla groups. In late January 1991, the EPRDF launched a campaign to liberate the territory of Amhara under the code name of “Operation Tewedros”. In the same month, they captured Bahir Dar, through Gojjam and the Blue Nile, across the Wollo province through the capital Dessie. At this point, Derg has chosen to fight.
On May 28, 1991, the EPRDF took control of Addis Ababa; Mengistu and several other Derg officials fled the country, or were arrested. The late Meles Zenawi, who ruled Ethiopia from 1991 until his death in 2011